What Are Crane Fly Larvae?

Crane fly larvae, or immature crane flies, nest in the soil and feed on grassroots and decomposing plant matter. They are most active in spring and autumn, often resulting in loose turf and increased surface vulnerability. On grounds in use, this can interfere with play and increase upkeep requirements.

Spotting the Signs Early

Birds pecking, unusual thinning, and irregular patches often signal larval feeding. Cutting small turf squares allows for verification. Regular observation in cool months supports prompt treatment decisions.

Turf Stress and Seasonal Risk

Leatherjackets remain hidden during winter but will continue feeding if conditions permit. Neglected populations cause slow turf recovery as temperatures rise. Knowing their behaviour allows grounds teams to plan maintenance that anticipates seasonal stress.

Manual and Physical Tactics

Many turf professionals begin with cultural practices. Aerating the ground promotes deeper root growth and healthier swards. Avoiding scalping minimises turf stress. Rolling in damp conditions can bring larvae closer to the surface, making them easier for natural predators to reach. These measures build resistance, though they don’t eliminate infestations.

Nematode Use in Turf Health

Beneficial nematodes are a eco-friendly solution that destroy crane fly larvae underground. Their success is linked to soil temperature, moisture, and precise application—usually in late summer. Used properly, nematodes help turf recover without chemical input.

Responsible Use of Pesticides

On frequently used surfaces like sports turf, chemical products may be warranted. Only licensed products should be used, and always according to regulation and guidance. Combining selective chemical use with other strategies often leads to long-term turf conditions.

Steps to Minimise Risk

Future-proofing turf involves managing drainage, building root systems, and ensuring adequate nutrient levels. After crane fly emergence in late summer, checking the grounds helps forecast the next season’s risk. Proactive measures minimise larval development over time.

FAQs About Leatherjackets and Control

• When are larvae most active?
  
  Activity is highest in autumn and spring.



• How do I check for infestation?
  
  Cut small turf squares and count larvae beneath to identify infestation levels.



• Are nematodes effective in cold soil?
  
  No, they need certain temperatures and moisture levels to work properly.



• Should I alter mowing height?
  
  Yes, longer grass during feeding seasons can support recovery.



• What causes birds to peck at turf?
  
  Birds are usually attracted to larvae near the surface. This is often an early sign of a problem.

Key Points

Managing crane fly larvae requires regular attention, planned actions, and a balanced approach. Grounds treated with this methodology are more likely to perform well across all seasons.

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